Sunday, November 30, 2008

AUTOMATED METER READING

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Abstract – Meter reading, which is an essential aspect of residential powering, has evolved due to advances in electronic and computerized technology. This report discusses the design of microcontroller based automated meter reading system which is intended for reading, measuring the power consumption of the households received from the electric company. The measured readings will be communicated to a central station using Zigbee wireless communication protocol. The automated meter reading system is the direct replacement of the existing electricity meters. A network of all automated meter reading systems is formed and will communicate to the central database server. The received data will be used by the electric company for billing process.
IndexTerms – Automated Meter Reading, Optoelectronic Sensor, Wireless Communications, Zigbee.
INTRODUCTION
Automated Meter Reading (AMR) is the remote collection of consumption data from customer utility meters over telecommunications, radio, power and other links. Accuracy, speed, efficiency and cost effectiveness are the achievable benefits of AMR system[1]. Existing electromechanical meters can be replaced by the automated meter reading system. This way the meter reading and management process es are free from human involvement. Electronic methods of power and energy measurement are based on different principles. The methods suitable for digital electricity meters may be based on Hall effect, pulse width modulation(time division multiplexing), analogue multiplying IC, three terminal thermoconverter(TTTC), or digital multiplication[2]. The newly developed meter mainly contains energy measurement chip, a microcontroller and wireless communication module.
The most important feature of the AMR system is that it will eradicate the persons employed as meter readers. Elimination of human intervention also reduces chances of illegal and fictitious reading of energy consumption.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Our system consists of three components. The first system component is the Energy Meter which consists of the Energy Measurement chip and a microcontroller. The second system component is the Wireless Communication Network. The third system component is the Database Server. Fig 1. show the structure of the automated meter reading system at the transmission side. The power supplied by the electric company is coupled to the current and voltage sensors. The output of the voltage and current sensors are given as input to the Energy Measurement IC which is then connected to the Microcontroller. The Microcontroller is the interface between the ADE7753, Wireless Communication Module and the LCD. Fig 2. shows the structure of the automated meter reading system at the database end. The wireless communication module which is connected to the microcontroller will be given the meter readings which transmits the data to the central data base server.

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