Abstract - Quality of life in rural area is associated with domestic animal health, water quality, micro-climatic conditions and plant health. Livestock systems are dominant agricultural production system in many developing countries, including India. Dairy farming is part and parcel of many such systems, and it is often seen as an important source of income in rural areas.
In this project, we try to develop a sensor network architecture that could continuously monitor the micro-climatic conditions required to improve the health conditions of livestock as well to improve the productivity of dairy farms and thereby provide an opportunity to enhance the quality of life.
Index Terms – Animal health, Microclimatic conditions, Temperature, Relative Humidity, wireless sensors, rural life, Heat Stress.
INTRODUCTION
82% of the population in India lives in the villages (rural).
Quality of life in rural area is associated with plants health, domesticated animals health, microclimatic conditions.
Large parts of rural India have large dependence on domesticated animals such as cattle, sheep, and goats.
Cattle are used in agriculture for farming and in Dairy farms for milk production. Since livestock systems are dominant agricultural production system in India, if livestock are affected by diseases, it affects the economy of the rural area people.
Microclimatic changes may have various effects on animal health, particularly by providing favorable conditions for the spread of infectious diseases, especially on those transmitted by vectors. In case if the disease is contagious, it might be transmitted to other animals too. The disease may result in decreasing of milk production or even sometimes may result in the death of cattle in large. The disease may some times affect the human life too.
Microclimate: [12]
Microclimate is the environment close to the living plant or animal. The temperature, humidity, radiation, light, air movement, atmospheric gas, dust, wind, electrostatic charges, fog and rain are the factors included under microclimate. These microclimatic factors influence the spread of diseases.
In states like Gujarat, dairy farming plays a major role in the economy of rural household. Many of the animals are of imported breed and have higher chances of being susceptible to local diseases. In these cases it is extremely crucial to monitor the individual health of the animal.
The farmers cannot always monitor the cattle health, location, movement and environment conditions. Monitoring the animal health and microclimatic conditions will help us forecasting of likely events which can influence human health permit prevention of disease which may affect cattle influence milk productivity
So it is also necessary to monitor the microclimatic conditions which would not only permit us to save the animal but also prevent spread of epidemics.
Due to the technological advances in the sensor networks, we have the possibility to monitor cattle and microclimatic conditions by designing a wireless sensor network, with long battery life time and with high storage capabilities and high processing capabilities. This can lead us to a much better understanding of our surroundings and can be utilized to have a sustainable rural development.
Based on such monitoring information, we can identify the microclimatic conditions and also health of the cattle successfully.
We build a wireless sensor network for automated cattle monitoring where we are able to observe and collect information of animals without significantly interfering with them. The wireless sensor network mainly monitors the microclimatic conditions such as temperature, humidity
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